The hippocampus is the part of the brain that plays a critical role in the formation, organization, and retrieval of long-term memories. It is located in the temporal lobe and is involved in the processing and consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory.
The hippocampus also plays a role in spatial navigation and has been implicated in various cognitive processes, including learning, memory, and emotion. Damage to the hippocampus can result in significant memory deficits, such as difficulty forming new memories or retrieving old ones.
The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum, also known as the cortex. It is located at the top of the brain and is divided into two hemispheres: the left and right hemispheres. The cerebrum is responsible for many of the brain’s higher functions, including conscious thought, perception, and voluntary movement. It is further divided into four lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe.
The frontal lobe is involved in decision-making, problem-solving, and motor control. The parietal lobe is involved in sensory processing, spatial awareness, and perception of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. The temporal lobe is involved in auditory processing, language, and memory. The occipital lobe is involved in visual processing.
The cerebrum also contains the corpus callosum, a bundle of nerve fibers that connects the two hemispheres and enables communication between them. The size and complexity of the cerebrum is one of the main factors that distinguish humans from other animals and is thought to underlie many of our unique cognitive abilities.
Survival, drive, and instinct are all controlled by the primal brain (hindbrain and medulla). When your primal brain is active (sympathetic response), your modern brain is inactive.
The limbic system is the primary primitive brain network that underpins mood. It is a network of regions that collaborate to process and understand the world. Serotonin and dopamine, for example, are neurotransmitters that act as chemical messengers to send signals across the network.
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